Terêncio

Tema: Palavra
Não se diz nada que já não tenha sido dito

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Locke, John

Tema: Liberdade
A necessidade de procurar a verdadeira felicidade é o fundamento da nossa liberdade

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Foscolo, Ugo

Tema: Julgamento
Nunca serei juiz. Neste grande vale onde a espécie humana nasce, vive, morre, se reproduz, se cansa, e depois volta a morrer, sem saber como nem porquê, distingo apenas felizardos e desventurados

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Russell, Bertrand

O amor sob a sua forma mais elevada revela valores que sem ele ficariam ignorados

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Queirós, Eça

O amor é essencialmente perecível, e na hora em que nasce começa a morrer. Só os começos são bons

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Trakl, Georg

Só aquele que despreza a felicidade terá o conhecimento

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Martins, José Luís Nunes

Ser feliz passa por ser humilde e sereno. Por guardar a paz, atender a quem precisa, dando o que somos e temos, moderando sempre o que em nós quer ir além do simples… amando, sempre.

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Quevedo, Francisco

Feliz serás e sábio terás sido se a morte, quando vier, não te puder tirar senão a vida

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Martins, José Luís Nunes

A maior de todas as virtudes é ser-se uma perfeição construída à custa de uma multiplicidade de passos imperfeitos, erros, quedas e tantos, tantos, recomeços... a Felicidade é o resultado de uma orientação totalmente livre e corajosa para o bem.

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Study Finds Current School Start Times Damage Students’ Learning And Health

According to the National Sleep Foundation, teenagers need at least nine-and-a-half hours of sleep every night. However, less than half of children in the U.S get at least nine hours of sleep each night, and 58 percent of 15- to 17-year-olds regularly sleep fewer than seven hours per night, reports the Foundation.

“Sleep deprivation is epidemic among adolescents, with potentially serious impacts on mental and physical health, safety and learning. Early high school start times contribute to this problem,” notes Julie Boergers, Ph.D., a psychologist and sleep expert from the Bradley Hasbro Children’s Research Center. Among an estimated 39,700 public middle, high and combined schools (with an estimated total enrollment of 26.3 million students) in the U.S, the average start time was 8:03 am in the 2011-12 school year, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

New studies shows that’s too early.

The problem with current school start times

Early school start times disrupt student’s circadian rhythm, or the biological clock that the body uses to regulate body functions, such as keep track of when to eat and sleep. That’s according to a new study by researchers from University of Oxford, Harvard Medical School and the University of Nevada.

A natural circadian rhythm that is in sync with the daily 24-hour cycle determines when we’re most alert and focused. For adolescents, this time is almost 3 hours later than for fully grown adults. The researchers from Oxford, Harvard and Nevada explain: “During adolescence biological changes dictate both sleep duration of nine hours and later wake and sleep times, a phenomenon found in other mammals. At its peak the combination of these two biological changes leads to a loss of two to three hours sleep every school day. Thus, a 07:00 alarm call for older adolescents is the equivalent of a 04:30 start for a teacher in their 50s.”

So, early school start times lead to “systematic, chronic and unrecoverable sleep loss,” wrote the study authors. This shocking revelation that current school start times are damaging students’ learning and health has been corroborated by other experts, including the American Academy of Pediatrics.

The American Academy of Pediatrics’ statement

In a public policy statement, the formidable American Academy of Pediatrics stated that “insufficient sleep in adolescents [is] an important public health issue that significantly affects the health and safety, as well as the academic success, of our nation’s middle and high school students.”

Dr. Paul Kelley, honorary clinical research fellow at Oxford University’s Sleep and Circadian Neuroscience Institute, speaking at the British Science Festival in Bradford, England emphasized there was need for society to change school and work starting times to fit with the natural human body clock. “The science explicitly shows that many people are suffering unnecessarily because of our work and study start times,” Kelley said. “There’s no real rationale for start times for schools so there’s a huge opportunity here to improve quality of life by putting these scientific findings into practice,” he concluded.

So what are the best school start times?

The optimal schools start time is at 8:30 am or later at age 10; 10:00 am or later at 16; and 11:00 am or later at 18 and above, say the researchers from Oxford, Harvard and the University of Nevada. Their study originally appeared in the journal Learning, Media, and Technology.

While schools are not presently obligated to follow these sleep experts’ start time recommendations, the American Academy of Pediatrics argues in its report that, “the urgency and the magnitude of the problem of sleep loss in adolescents and the availability of an intervention that has the potential to have broad and immediate effects are highly compelling.”

The researchers from the three universities agree and say in their report that adopting these start times would protect kids from short sleep duration, chronic sleep deprivation and the health complications associated with them. That would in turn help improve students’ academic performance and health, and of course, ease parents’ frustrations in trying to get sleepy kids ready for school every morning.

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Tummy Troubles: Does Your Baby Often Cry Right After Being Fed?

Parents of a newborn baby often don’t know what to do after seeing their baby crying right after being fed. Sometimes your baby even cries for seemingly no reason. There are so many reasons why a baby may go all haywire, leaving you baffled and lost. It may not be a major issue though: crying is one of the only ways of communication for the babies, apart from smiling. Since they can’t talk and acknowledge their troubles, they cry and make the poor first-time mothers take wild guesses as to what they want to convey. Just to make your life a little bit easier, here are some reasons for different kinds of tummy troubles, and their solutions.

The curious case of colic.

The most common problem that these infants face is stomach uneasiness. This trouble usually comes right after they are fed. Times like this, people customarily say that your baby is “colicky”. Colic is a curious case of ailment. It is also associated with the term gas. No one can come with a solid answer as to why babies suffer from colic. It is said that if your child cries for at least three hours a day, at least three days a week, at least three weeks in a row, then the baby is affected by colic.

There are mothers who prefer over-the-counter medicines, a favorite one being gripe water. It is safe for a newborn to have it, but it is always advisable to seek a doctor’s permission before introducing your child to gripe water.

Solution:

The best thing to do is to burp your baby right after breast feeding or bottle feeding. If your little one starts crying a few minutes after feeding, then put him or her on their back, hold their feet, and circulate their feet in a bicycle motion. Another solution is to rub your baby’s tummy in a clockwise motion while gently pressing. Do it for a while, but don’t over-do it. Your child may dislike it once the tummy troubles go away

Apart from the colic and gas troubles, a baby crying after a feed can mean several things

Feed your baby in a different position.

Doctors will always advise you to breastfeed your baby in an upright position. It is better for both you and your baby to be in a straight position. In this way, it is less likely for your infant to suffer from gas. Sometimes, you may feel too tired to feed your baby while sitting. You may want to lie down and feed them. There’s a higher chance for them to have painful winds inside their stomach, thus making them cry.

Solution:

Make sure you put your arm underneath your child’s head while feeding them in a lying position. As soon as baby finishes, you should burp them. In case you are in an upright position, take a chair, put a cushion at the back, make yourself comfortable first, then take your baby and feed them. The best way to burp is to hold them against your shoulder and gently pat their back while walking. After few minutes (sometimes it takes less than two minutes) they’ll surely burp.

Your baby crying because she needs food.

Since they can’t say, “Hey mommy, I am hungry. Come here!”. Instead, they’ll exercise their lungs’ power. It is always confusing why they are crying all of a sudden, given there are so many reasons for them to.

Solution:

The best way to understand is to keep a track of the time since they last fed. Usually newborns tend to feed every two to three hours, but there are cases when they might not get enough milk (in case of breastfeeding), and they might go hungry. See for couple of days, follow the pattern, and soon you’ll understand when your baby’s going hungry again!

Constipation is another solid reason for tummy trouble.

Your baby may suffer from constipation. Because they are feeling uneasy in their stomach, they will cry, and show their discomfort. This is a tricky problem. If you see your child’s diaper has only pee and no poop for the whole day, then you are confirmed this is noting but constipation.

Solution:

This is a case where you should visit your GP. Your doctor will tell you what to do. They may give infant suppository to relief your child from the uneasiness.

“Please change my nappy!”

Once they poop, they’ll make sure you change them immediately, otherwise, the siren will be hard to put off. Your baby might feel uncomfortable having to feel cold air during nappy changes. They’ll protest this by crying as well!

Solution:

Check the nappies at intervals. You have to acquire the art of quick changing. Also, give your baby a toy, or sing a song while changing. Babies can be easily distracted, which is a good thing!

Tummy troubles, especially after being fed is quite natural. All babies go through them. Colic, gas, and other troubles will reduce in time. You just have to be alert. These are some of the problems you will be facing at least once in your life. Embrace them. If you keep cool, these problems won’t seem so major. Take your time to get used to these. If need be, consult your doctor and seek help from them. You guys will do just fine!

Featured photo credit: Carrie Sandoval via capturedbycarrie.com

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Debunking Common Misconceptions: Parents In The Workplace

Being a parent is tough. Whether you work full time, part time, from home, or not at all, it’s still hard. The many myths about parents circulating through the workplace it only make it harder. However, working parents make some of the best employees and leaders.

Here’s a guide to some of the most common misconceptions about parents at work and why they’re not true.

Parents need more accommodations than other employees.

Asking for accommodations or flexible schedules is not unique to working parents only. I’ve worked with men that negotiated all air travel needs to be booked in business class or higher due to injuries. I’ve worked with twenty-somethings that requested to work a four day schedule so they could go back to school part time or pursue a volunteer opportunity. I’ve seen older adults in the workplace scale back their schedules so that they can spend more time at home with their significant others or to care for an ailing parent. Almost everyone has to cut out of the office every now and again for a doctor’s appointment or other personal matters.

Accommodations and flexible schedules seem to be synonymous with working parents, but in reality, they are not. Nearly every type of employee takes advantage (and is thankful) of accommodations in the workplace that allow work-life integration.

Parents aren’t committed to their jobs.

This one is really surprising because it’s quite the contrary. There is actually strong evidence that parents are more committed to their jobs than many other employees. Traditionally, companies have rewarded men who become fathers with the “fatherhood bonus”, usually resulting in about a 6% increase in salary. Once you become a family man, you’re viewed as more dependable and more committed to your job since you now have to provide for a family. Women, on the other hand, experience the “motherhood penalty”, and many earn 4% less per child than they would have if they had remained childless. It’s based on the assumption that they are more distracted or will work less. However, working parents are some of the most efficient, focused employees out there. The constant juggle of managing a career with family commitments makes them well-equipped to prioritize and really be strategic about utilizing resources. Furthermore, parents are less likely to job hop than other employees. Stability is key when raising a family and the challenges associated with transitioning to a new work place or relocating are only considered when absolutely necessary.

Parents aren’t good team members.

Since parents have after-hours commitments, when they need to leave the office at 5 or aren’t able to come in before 9, most people think that the singletons on the team need to make up for it. In today’s technology embracing world, this is hardly the case. While many parents do limit their physical “in office” hours, most spend time on weekends, early mornings, and after work working. Limiting hours in the office isn’t unique to parents, many people with long commutes or global work spend only core hours in the office and complete a lot of their work at home before or after-hours. Besides, parents aren’t the only employees to take vacations. All team members usually have to cover for each other. Parents may be more inclined to take vacation during major holidays due to children’s school schedules, but putting programs in place that rotate vacation time periods during different holidays can help make sure that no one has to endure year after year with no time off during their favorite holiday.

Don’t forget, parent’s are hugely efficient at scoping out job needs and responsibilities and getting work done timely – and usually within business hours. These skills can help any team be more productive.

Parents are at work only out of financial necessity.

Why would anyone want to leave their children behind and come to the workplace if they didn’t have to? Actually, a lot of people. Caring for children is a wonderful experience, but everyone needs a break. Many parents that pursued careers prior to becoming parents may still be interested in their field of work, finding the work intellectually stimulating and interesting. Sometimes, you need to connect with other adults and feel current in a world that doesn’t revolve around child rearing. Money is nice, and may be a main motivating factor for many people, but it’s certainly not the only reason that parents are there.

The one issue that leaves parents at a significant disadvantage in the workplace is addressing last minute needs or a crisis that may crop up towards the end of the workday. This has little to do with anyone’s capability to deal with the issue, but more to do with the structure of childcare available for working parents. Most parents simply can’t extend their childcare past a certain hour without advance notice. While this may be challenging, I’d highly encourage dual working families to try to stay flexible and the parents help each other if one is experiencing an office fire towards the end of the day.

Alternatively, you could tackle the challenge by responding to the team with, “I’d like to take a few hours to evaluate this further. If it’s urgent enough, let’s plan a call tonight to review next steps, otherwise, we’ll regroup in the morning.” Most employees don’t want to be on a 9pm call and you’ll probably be able to restart in the morning.

Featured photo credit: Ed Gregory via stokpic.com

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12 Quotes That Show The Truth About Being A Mom

Is there anything better than feeling understood?

Feeling like there’s someone else out there who really get you. Really understand what it’s like to walk a mile in your shoes.

Sometimes when you’re a mom you wonder if anyone else on the planet feels the way you do.

These quotes let you know that you’re not alone.

Share them with all the moms you know, so they know they’re not alone either.

1. “Any mother could perform the jobs of several air-traffic controllers with ease.” ~ Lisa Alther

2. “It’d be cool if my kids could make something I actually want, like a bottle of win, out of macaroni and glue.” ~ Stephanie McMaster

3. “The interesting things about being a mother is that everyone wants pets, but no one but me cleans the kitty litter.” ~ Meryl Streep

4. “The phrase ‘working mother’ is redundant.” ~ Jane Sellman

5. “Insanity is hereditary. You get it from your children.” ~ Sam Leveson

6. “And remember that behind every successful woman is a basket of dirty laundry.” ~ anonymous

7. “You may learn many things from children. How much patience you have, for instance.” ~ Franklin P Adams

8. “When my kids become wild and unruly, I use a nice safe playpen. When they’re finished, I climb out.” ~ Erma Bombeck

9. “People who say they sleep like a baby usually don’t have one.” ~ Leo Burke

10. “Did you know, when kids go to bed, you can hear yourself think again. I sound fabulous.” ~ Paige Kellerman

11. “Everybody wants to save the earth; nobody wants to help Mom with the dishes.” ~ P. J. O’Rourke

12. “There’s no way to be a perfect mother and a million ways to be a good one.” ~ Jill Churchill

Featured photo credit: Good morning beauty / Viktor Hanacek via picjumbo.com

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What To Do If You’re Depressed While Pregnant

Pregnancy is often described as a joyous time in a woman’s life, where feeling of happiness mostly outnumber any negative feelings.

Unfortunately, similar to any other time in your life, depression can appear as a result of drastic life changes in your body and life. The American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) states that between 14-23% of pregnant women will struggle with some depressive symptoms.

Being depressed while pregnant is not something that is commonly talked about, but it is crucial for women to know that there are numerous resources that they can access to help relieve the pain.

Remember: you are not alone.
It is important to go to a mental health professional if you suspect you are suffering from depression during your pregnancy.

Here are a few things that can help you cope with this illness:

Know the difference between moodiness and depression

It is important to recognize the difference between common mood swings that come from changing hormones in your body and suffering from clinical depression. If you are having trouble enjoying anything, having trouble sleeping and/or having trouble getting out of bed, having feelings of worthlessness or seem on edge all the time you may be suffering from depression. Pregnancy can cause you to feel extra fatigued and emotional, but if it seems to last all the time it is possible that depression is the culprit.

Do not use natural remedies if you are suffering from depression while pregnant

Natural remedies like St. John’s Wort that are known for naturally treating depression should not be taken by pregnant women. The safety of using remedies like these when pregnant are unknown and as such they are not a good alternative. Solutions like psychotherapy, and certain antidepressant medications that have been proven to be safe to consume during pregnancy are superior options.

Try different therapies

If talk therapy does not seem to be helping, there are other types of therapy that might be more effective. Light therapy, for example, has been shown to be a great alternative to more traditional methods.

Seek a support group

There are always a variety of support groups for depression available, no matter where you live. If you can, try to find a prenatal depression group that you can attend at least once a week. Look into local hospitals or clinics for these support groups or ask your therapist if they can point you to the appropriate support group. Junior colleges and adult learning centers often offer these types of groups also.

Ask your spouse for extra help

Do not feel ashamed for asking your spouse/partner/loved one for extra help, whether it is with chores around the house or just having someone to talk to. It is important that you are honest with your partner and do not feel guilty for not being able to do certain things. Carrying a baby is no small feat and it is important to find extra support when needed.

Take extra care of yourself

Along with medical help, make sure to take extra care of yourself at home, as well, if you are suffering from depression while pregnant. Take long, frequent baths with lavender-infused oils, and eat healthy, wholesome meals. It might be tempting to give into pregnancy cravings with a donuts or a bag of potato chips, but this is a quick fix that will only contribute to an unstable mood in the long-run. Consider signing up for a prenatal yoga class at your local gym; that will guarantee to get your body moving and put your mind at ease. For more mindfulness, try downloading an app like Calm; it will allow you to take a few minutes to regroup anywhere, anytime.

Featured photo credit: Flickr via flickr.com

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34 Weeks Pregnant Concerns: All About The C-Section

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xyN48VnRYUY

You are now midway through your last trimester of your pregnancy. You will be experiencing some life-changing moments from here on. You have to be prepared, both physically and psychologically, for the outcomes that will follow from 34 weeks till the delivery. What will happen after the delivery is another thing for another article. But first, in brief, let me focus on your progress at 34 weeks of pregnancy.

Life at 34 Weeks Pregnant

A 34 weeks, pregnant woman will undergo exhaustion very easily. This is absolutely normal. You will want to pee frequently, and turning over while sleeping will be quite difficult. Again, all normal. The reason behind all this discomfort is that your baby now weighs around 4 and 3/4 pounds and is almost 18 inches long. They have fat layers all over their body — this will keep their body temperature in check once they’re born. Their lungs and nervous system are maturing, and their skin is smoother than before. In any case, if you do go into pre-term labor, do not get scared. Generally, if your baby is healthy and is born between 34 to 38 weeks, things will be just fine.

Whether you go into pre-term or full-time labor is unpredictable. It entirely depends on your health and how soon your water breaks. Whatever the circumstance is, always be prepared. Preparation not only means packing your bags, it also means that you have to be mentally ready to undergo any sort of labor. Don’t be scared. Even though normal deliveries are the most common and the most preferred, a C-section is not an uncommon delivery. This delivery happens to about 30 per cent of women across the United States. One of the main reasons for doing it? To avoid unnecessary complications.

What is a C-Section?

A Caesarean Section, or more commonly known as C-Section, is a surgery through which the baby is born. An incision is made in the mother’s abdominal wall, as well as on the wall of the uterus. A C-Section can be either pre-planned or unplanned. This surgical procedure usually happens before the water breaks. A C-Section occurs if the mother has complications, or if she has had previous C-Section. A C-Section is not harmful or daunting. Sometimes, it is the safest way to deliver your baby.

Why might you need a planned C-section?

There are many reasons why you should leave your midwife and visit an obstetrician. If you have any complications detected beforehand, your doctor will inform you about them. Some of the most common reasons for having a C-section are:

• You have had a previous C-Section. Usually, during this type of case, the incision is vertical, rather than the normal horizontal one.
• You may not be physically fit to go for a vaginal birth. This might be due to high blood pressure, high gestational diabetes, heart problem, or any sorts of infections that could pass on to your baby through normal delivery, such as genital herpes or HIV.
• You have placenta previa, meaning your placenta is extremely low in the uterus, almost covering your cervix. In this case, the C-section is the safest option for you and your baby.
• You are carrying two or more babies. Many times, if the mother’s overall condition is favorable and she is carrying twins, the doctor will prefer the vaginal delivery. Other times, the surgical procedure is performed. If the mother is carrying more than two, then a C-Section is definite.
• Multiple babies means different positions of the babies in the womb. There are times when babies are in abnormal positions. This can happen to a single baby as well. Sometimes, the infant’s feet or buttocks enter the birth passage first, instead of the head. This position is called “breech.” Or at times, the baby lies sideways. This is called “transverse.”
• Your baby is larger than usual. In a case like this, vaginal birth becomes impossible. Safest way to deliver is the surgery.
• Another factor for doing C-Section is that your child is not getting enough oxygen inside you. Lack of oxygen and lack of movement for the baby are both concerns. Again, in this case, a C-Section would be the best option.

Reasons for an unplanned operation

Unplanned C-Sections usually are done in case of an emergency. This will include:

• Your contractions are not strong enough to continue the vaginal delivery.
• Your baby is having difficulty cooperating in the birth process.
• Your umbilical cord has fallen and has blocked the passage.
• There’s been a sudden health deterioration. For example, high blood pressure may affect you and your child during labor.

The procedure: before & during the surgery

Before surgery, you will be asked to get your blood tested to see the level of haemoglobin. The result will determine whether you will need a transfusion during the surgery. Your obstetrician will also check if you are allergic to any sorts of medicines, especially the epidural. Your clothes will be changed and pubic hair cleaned. The nurse will start an IV and insert a catheter to void out your urine during the surgery. Once you are ready, you will be given an epidural or spinal block. This will numb the lower part of your body only. To prevent you and your partner from seeing the procedure, a screen will be put up before you.

The next steps are fairly straightforward. The doctor will cut your abdomen, layer after layer, cut your uterus, take your baby out, show you a glimpse of your newborn, and hand it over to the pediatrician. While your newborn is being examined, your obstetrician will stitch you up. Once you are ready and your surgery is complete, you’ll be taken to the recovery room, where the on-duty doctor will inspect you for few hours before releasing you to your room. Your baby will stay beside you, no matter where you go. Usually, you will stay in the hospital for up to 3 days after your C-Section delivery.

The procedure: after the surgery

After the surgery, things are quite straightforward. You’ll be put on antibiotics for at least a week. You will attempt to breastfeed your baby from day 1 (if you choose to do so). During your stay at the hospital, your panel of doctors will check up on the stitches, your intake of fluid, your urination, your bowel movements, and how you’re doing in general. It is highly important to drink a maximum of 4 liters of fluid per day. You’ll be allowed to walk from day 2. By day 4 to 5, at home, you will notice the pain has subsided. Once you are home, you should take plenty of rest. No bending, no picking up heavy objects, no hefty jobs.

A C-Section is always an option that can be chosen if you want to avoid a vaginal birth. It is, of course, thoroughly recommended to go for a vaginal delivery, but then again, every situation will depend entirely on you and your baby. This is just to remind you that you should start thinking and mentally preparing yourself for all the alternatives.

Being 34 weeks pregnant, you and your partner are now planning out your future. My personal advise? Just enjoy, even if you don’t feel like it. I am a mum of two, so I know what you will go through. At 34 weeks, just try to stay calm, meditate, be positive, and relish in the moment!

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